The cultural dimension of collective identity in History and Heritage becomes increasingly important and structuring. Thus, the formed and fixed identity of a group comes from the sum and integration of individual identities in relation to collective expression, and the notion of homeland is shaped by these factors. The defense of cultural identity, as a national objective, is essential as long as a perception is created between the dimension of the tangible and intangible past and the dimension of the future, in the sense of the collective. It is a dynamic concept in several ways. Societies, which are organized as complex structures, creating through the educational and cultural environment different expressions of collective identity cannot fail to be at the basis of cohesion between the individuals that make up the cultural substrate, embodied through heritage manifestations and in this case in memory. of conflicts, such as the Peninsular Wars, the Liberal Wars, the Great War or the II World War, focuses of analysis in this project, not as catalysts for conflict but as part of the mechanisms of historical and heritage education. Identity catalysts and cultural cohesion are necessarily articulated, not in the pillars of artificial nationalist manifestations, but in the true conformation of a substrate based on endogenous and exogenous historical factors. National defense and security are based on the need to safeguard the populations that form the Nation and the State, and this flow is articulated in less visible priorities such as the defense of the material and immaterial identity of that same State and in which the component of culture, security and citizenship will always have a central role to play.

Project reference: inED/2019/2